The Indian Meteorological Department (IMD) has warned that this year’s summer will see higher-than-usual temperatures, and the increased number of hot days could impact daily life and livelihoods.
Years of scientific research have shown that climate change is causing heat waves to last longer, occur more often, and become more intense.
Summer in India lasts from April to June, and during this time, temperatures often exceed 45°C (113°F).
In a forecast released on Monday night, the IMD stated that most parts of the country will experience maximum temperatures above the normal levels this summer.
When unusually high temperatures are recorded, the number of heatwave days also increases.
“Especially in eastern India, we can expect heatwaves for 10 days or more, which could cause heat stress,” said Deathyunjay Mohapatra, head of the Meteorological Bureau.
Typically, India experiences four to seven heat waves between April and June. Infants, the elderly, people with health problems, and outdoor workers are at the highest risk from extreme heat.
Heat stress can lead to symptoms like dizziness, headaches, organ failure, and even death.
People living in cities surrounded by concrete, brick, and other heat-absorbing surfaces are also at high risk. Prolonged extreme heat can strain infrastructure like power grids and transportation systems.
To address these challenges, the IMD has urged the preparation of heat action plans.
“These should include providing access to cooling centers, issuing heat-related advice, and implementing strategies to reduce the urban heat island effect in affected areas,” the IMD said.
Last year, India faced its longest-ever heatwave, with temperatures regularly exceeding 45°C.
The World Health Organization has estimated that at least 500,000 people die from heat every year, but the actual number could be up to 30 times higher, according to warnings.
