Lightning is a sudden flash of electricity in the sky caused by thunderstorms. When clouds rub against each other, they build up electrical energy. This energy is released in the form of lightning, which travels between clouds or from the clouds to the ground.
How Lightning Happens
During a storm, strong winds move water and ice inside clouds. This movement causes positive and negative charges to form. The positive charges stay on top of the cloud, and the negative charges gather at the bottom. When the difference becomes too strong, electricity flows — and that creates lightning.
Sometimes, the ground also gathers positive charges, especially in tall objects like trees, buildings, or people standing outside. When lightning moves towards the ground, it can strike anything that connects the charges, including humans.
Why Do People Die from Lightning Strikes?
When lightning strikes a person, it sends a massive amount of electricity through their body — often more than 100 million volts. This electric shock can cause:
- Severe burns
- Heart failure
- Brain damage
- Organ failure
- Death on the spot
Even if someone survives a lightning strike, they might suffer from long-term problems like memory loss, muscle pain, or sleep disorders.
Common Situations When People Get Hit by Lightning
Many people are struck by lightning during:
- Working in fields during storms
- Taking shelter under trees
- Using mobile phones or metal tools outside
- Being in open areas like rooftops or hills
- Bathing or washing clothes when lightning strikes nearby water sources
Can You Survive a Lightning Strike?
Yes, but survival depends on how directly the lightning hits and how fast medical help arrives. Around 90% of people struck by lightning survive, but many suffer from permanent injuries.
Safety Tips to Avoid Lightning Strikes
To stay safe during thunderstorms:
- Go indoors immediately if you hear thunder
- Avoid tall objects like trees or poles
- Stay away from water (rivers, lakes, taps)
- Don’t use wired electronic devices
- Avoid open spaces like fields or rooftops
- Unplug home appliances to avoid electrical damage
What to Do If Someone is Hit by Lightning
If someone is struck:
- Call emergency services immediately
- Check their breathing and heartbeat
- Start CPR if needed
- Do not be afraid to touch them — lightning doesn’t stay in the body
- Keep them warm and dry until help arrives
Myths About Lightning
Let’s clear up some common myths:
- Myth: Lightning never strikes the same place twice
Fact: It can and often does - Myth: Rubber shoes protect you
Fact: They don’t stop lightning - Myth: You’re safe if it’s not raining
Fact: Lightning can strike up to 10 km away from a storm
Interesting Facts About Lightning
- Lightning is hotter than the surface of the sun — around 30,000°C
- It kills about 2,000 people worldwide every year
- In Nepal, many people die from lightning during monsoon season (June to September)
Final Thoughts
Lightning is powerful, fast, and deadly — but with the right knowledge, you can protect yourself and others. Always take thunderstorms seriously and follow safety rules. Remember, it’s better to be safe and dry than to take a risk and be struck.
